Peacock Cichlids (genus Aulonocara)

Peacock Cichlids (genus Aulonocara) are incredibly vibrant freshwater fish native to Lake Malawi in East Africa, prized by aquarium hobbyists for their brilliant, iridescent colors that rival marine fish.

Quick Species Overview

Scientific Name: Aulonocara spp.

Adult Size: 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm)

Lifespan: 5 to 8 years

Temperament: Semi-aggressive (but more peaceful than other African cichlids)

Diet: Omnivore

Water Parameters & Tank Requirements

Peacock cichlids require strict water parameters mimicking the hard, alkaline environment of the African Rift Valley.

Minimum Tank Size: 200 liters (approx. 55 gallons) for a small group.

Water Temperature: 75°F to 82°F (24°C to 28°C).

pH Range: 7.5 to 8.6.Water Hardness: Hard, mineral-rich water.

Substrate: Sandy substrate is essential because they filter sand through their gills to hunt.

Decor: Use rocks to create caves and territories, but leave plenty of open swimming space.

Behavior and Compatibility

Peacock cichlids exhibit sexual dimorphism. Males showcase intense, stunning colors, while females remain a subdued, silver or grey tone. Dominant males will show the brightest colors.

Aggression Management:

They are highly territorial. Hobbyists often use "controlled overcrowding" alongside heavy filtration to distribute and minimize territorial bullying.

Good Tank Mates: Other Peacock varieties, Haplochromis species (Haps), Plecos, and robust catfish.

Bad Tank Mates: Avoid Mbuna cichlids (which are too aggressive and have different dietary needs) and slow, peaceful community fish like tetras or guppies.

Diet

In the wild, they are bottom feeders that sift sand for small invertebrates. In an aquarium, they should be fed a varied diet consisting of:High-quality cichlid pellets or flakes.

Foods rich in Spirulina to boost their natural coloration.

Occasional frozen brine shrimp or mysis shrimp.

Warning: Avoid feeding mammal meats (like beef heart) as it can cause fatal digestive issues known as "Malawi bloat."